Glossary of Terms

Words	Definitions
Al-Asmaul Husna	Most excellent (beautiful) names of Allah
Allah	Is the proper name of God
Allahu Akbar	Allah (God) is the Greatest
Amina	Muhammad’s (PBUH) mother
Ansar	Helpers - Muslims from Medina
Asr	The Third of the five daily Prayer services, offered any time between when the sun starts declining and sunset
Adhan	The Islamic call for prayer
Dua-e-Qunoot	Arabic name of the special Prayer recited in the last Rakat of Vitr Prayer
Durood (Assalat-u-Alannabi)	Invocation of blessings upon the Holy Prophet of Islam, (PBUH)
Eid-ul-Adhia	Islamic Festival commemorating the obedience to God of Prophet Ibrahim (or Abraham), peace be upon him, and his son and Prophet Ishmael (PBUH)
Eid-ul-Fitr	The Islamic festival concluding the fasting of the month of Ramadhan
Fajr	The first of five daily Prayer services, offered any time during the period starting from dawn and ending a few minutes before sunrise
Faraidh	Plural form of Fardh (compulsory Prayer)
Fitrana	Money contributed by Muslims before the Eid-ul-Fitr so that the needy and poor also join the festivities
Ghazwa	Battle in which Muhammad (PBUH) himself lead the Muslims
Ghazwa (Battle) of Tabuk	The last great battle lead by the Holy Prophet, peace be upon him
Hadrat Abdul-Muttalib	Muhammad’s (PBUH) Grandfather
Hadrat Fatima	Muhammad’s (PBUH) youngest daughter
Hadrat Khadija	Muhammad’s first wife, one of the first people to accept Islam.
Hadrat Safiyya	Wife of Muhammad (PBUH)
Hadrat Zainab Bint Khazima	Wife of Muhammad (PBUH)
Hajj	Pilgrimage to the Ka’aba in Mecca Arabia - The fifth pillar of Islam - Performed on the 10th day of Dhul Hijja
Hajjatul-Wida	Farewell Pilgrimage. Last Hajj performed by Mohammad (PBUH)
Hajr-I-Aswad	Black Stone in Ka’aba
Hazrat Abu Bakr	Muhammad’s (PBUH) the best friend and the first person to accept Islam who also became the first Caliph or Khalifah
Hazrat Aisha	Wife of Muhammad (PBUH) and the daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr
Hazrat Ali	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) dearest cousin and son-in-law who was the first child to accept Islam
Hazrat Fatima	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) fourth daughter, may Allah be pleased with her
Hazrat Habiba	Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Hafsa	Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Halima Sadiyya	The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) wet nurse
Hazrat Hamza	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) maternal uncle
Hazrat Ibrahim	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) second son, may Allah be pleased with him
Hazrat Jawariya bint Harith	Wife of Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Jibrail	The Arc Angel Gabriel who brought the First Revelation in Cave of Hira to Muhammad’s (PBUH)
Hazrat Maimuna	Wife of Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Ruqayya	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) second daughter, may Allah be pleased with her
Hazrat Salman Farsi	Companion of the Holy Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) who migrated from Faris (Iran)
Hazrat Sauda	Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Umar	The second of the four Khulafa-e-Rashideen
Hazrat Um-e-Kalthum	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) third daughter, may Allah be pleased with her
Hazrat Um-e-Salma	Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Zaid	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) freed slave and his adopted son - one of the first people to accept Islam
Hazrat Zainab	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) first daughter, may Allah be pleased with her
Hazrat Zainab bint Hajash	Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Hazrat Zainab bint Hajash	Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Hijrat	Migration from Mecca to Medina
Hira	Cave where the Holy Propeht Muhammad (PBUH) received the first revelation from Allah
Imam	The person who leads the prayer or service
Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun.	To Allah we belong to Him we must return
Iqamah (Iqamat)	A shorten verse of the Adhan, which is recited loudly to indicate that a congregational Prayer is about to start
Isha	The fifth and last of the five daily Prayer services, offered any time between nightfall and midnight, or before going to bed
Janaza	The funeral prayer
Jilsa	The sitting position which occurs in between two prostrations during Prayer
Ka’aba	The first house of worship ever built on the face of the earth for the worship of One and Only Allah - re-constructed by Hazrat Ibrahim and his son for worship of Allah - All daily prayers are offered facing in the direction of Ka’aba from all over the world
Kalimah	The credo of Islam, “There is none worthy of worship save Allah; Muhammad is the messenger of Allah"
Kalimah Shahadah (Kalima)	The deceleration of Islamic faith
Khusoof	Eclipse of the moon, during which a special Prayer is to be offered
Kusoof	Eclipse of the Sun during which a special Prayer is to be offered
Madina	Second Holiest place after Mecca - City where the Holy Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) settled after the migration from Mecca
Maghrib	The fourth of the five daily Prayer services, which can be offered any time in the period starting from immediately after sunset and ending when there is still some light left on the horizon
Makroohat	Acts which are considered inappropriate during Prayer
Malikis	One of the sects of Islam
Muadhin	The person who says the Adhan, or call to Prayer
Muhajirin	Immigrants from Mecca
Muhammad	The Holy Prophet of Islam, Muhammad, peace be upon him (PBUH)
Mustahab (plural Mustahabbat)	Preferable or praiseworthy things, when referring to the style or manner of performing Prayer
Nawafil	Optional category of Prayer
Nikah	Contract of marriage
Niyyah (Niyyat)	The formal intention which one makes in one’s mind before starting a Prayer
Ordinance of Jizya	Tax on non-believers seeking protection from Muslims and exemption from military service in defense of the country they were living in as its citizens
PBUH	Peace be upon him
Q'ad b>	Sitting position adopted towards the end of the second Rakat in Prayer
Qadhaa	Offering a missed Prayer
Q	The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) first son, may Allah be pleased with him
Qasr	The act of shortening ones Prayer, especially during long distance travel
Qauma	The Posture of standing erect after Ruku
Qibla	Revelation and change of direction to face for Formal Prayers, (Salat) towards Ka’aba
Q	The standing position in Prayer
Quba	Town near Medina
Quba Mosque	Location of first Mosque of Islam
Rakaat	Plural form of Rakat
Ra	One complete unit within a Prayer
Ramadan	Name of a month in Islamic Calendar - Fasting in the month of Ramadan is obligatory for all stationed adult and healthy Muslims
Ruku'	The bowing down position in Prayer
Sadqa	Charity
Sajdah	The position of Prostration in Prayer
Salat	Prayer
Salat-ul-Zohr	The second phase of Salat-ul-Ishraq
Salat-ul-Hajaat	Prayer offered when one is in need or difficulty
Salat-ul-Tasbih	Optional prayer of four Rakaat to be offered at least once in one’s lifetime
Saum	Fasting in the month of Ramadhan also known as the forth pillar of Islam
Shias	One of the sects of Islam
Sujood (Sajdah)	The posture of Prostration in Prayer
Sujood-us-Sahv	Prostrations of atonement preformed when a mistake has been committed during Prayer and which may affect its validity
Sunan	Plural of Sunnat
Sunnah (Sunnat)	One type of category of Prayer, compulsory but not Fardh (obligatory), more important than a Nafl (voluntary) prayer
Sunnis	One of the sects of Islam
Sura (Surah)	Arabic word for a chapter - used for designating the chapters of the Holy Quran
Sutra	An object which a worshipper places before him to mark the physical boundary of his Prayer
Tahajjud	Optional Prayer of great merit offered in the latter part of the night
Tahmeed	The prescribed words recited by the congregation in response to the Tasmee' of the Imam, also words of praise and remembrance of God
Taif	Town 40 miles from Mecca
Takbeer	A set formula, recited loudly in order to indicate that a congregational Prayer is about to start
Takbir-I-Tahreema	The Arabic expression Allahu Akbar (God is the Greatest) proclaimed by the Imam while he raises his two hands to his earlobes at the very beginning of a congregational Prayer service
Taraveeh	Special Prayer offered after Isha Prayer during the month of Ramadhan
Tashahhud	A prayer recited at the beginning of the Qadah (second sitting position) in Prayer
Tawwudh	Set words for seeking the protection of God against Satan, recited at the beginning of a prayer
Thaur	The cave where Prophet (PBUH) took refuge with Hazrat Abu Bakr from the people of Mecca on their way to Medina
Ummul-Muminin	Mother of the believers - A title for the wives of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him
Umra (Umratul-Qada)	A pilgrimage to Mecca that can be performed during any time of the year except when Hajj is being performed
Zakat	Mandatory offering of alms
Zakat-ul-Fitr	Alms at the Eid-ul-Fitr
Zuhr	The second of the five daily Prayer services offered